# Hershey fonts for Ghostscript

This file, unlike the rest of Ghostscript, consists entirely of information copied from public sources. It therefore is not covered by the Ghostscript copyright or license: it is in the public domain.

For other information, see the Ghostscript overview. You can also read about Ghostscript fonts in general.

    Mod.sources:  Volume 4, Issue 42
    Submitted by: pyramid!octopus!pete (Pete Holzmann)

    This is part 1 of five parts of the first Usenet distribution of
    the Hershey Fonts. See the README file for more details.

    Peter Holzmann, Octopus Enterprises
    USPS: 19611 La Mar Court, Cupertino, CA 95014
    UUCP: {hplabs!hpdsd,pyramid}!octopus!pete
    Phone: 408/996-7746

    This distribution is made possible through the collective encouragement
    of the Usenet Font Consortium, a mailing list that sprang to life to get
    this accomplished and that will now most likely disappear into the mists
    of time... Thanks are especially due to Jim Hurt, who provided the packed
    font data for the distribution, along with a lot of other help.

    This file describes the Hershey Fonts in general, along with a description of
    the other files in this distribution and a simple re-distribution restriction.

    USE RESTRICTION:
            This distribution of the Hershey Fonts may be used by anyone for
            any purpose, commercial or otherwise, providing that:
                    1. The following acknowledgements must be distributed with
                            the font data:
                            - The Hershey Fonts were originally created by Dr.
                                    A. V. Hershey while working at the U. S.
                                    National Bureau of Standards.
                            - The format of the Font data in this distribution
                                    was originally created by
                                            James Hurt
                                            Cognition, Inc.
                                            900 Technology Park Drive
                                            Billerica, MA 01821
                                            (mit-eddie!ci-dandelion!hurt)
                    2. The font data in this distribution may be converted into
                            any other format *EXCEPT* the format distributed by
                            the U.S. NTIS (which organization holds the rights
                            to the distribution and use of the font data in that
                            particular format). Not that anybody would really
                            *want* to use their format... each point is described
                            in eight bytes as "xxx yyy:", where xxx and yyy are
                            the coordinate values as ASCII numbers.

    *PLEASE* be reassured: The legal implications of NTIS' attempt to control
    a particular form of the Hershey Fonts *are* troubling. HOWEVER: We have
    been endlessly and repeatedly assured by NTIS that they do not care what
    we do with our version of the font data, they do not want to know about it,
    they understand that we are distributing this information all over the world,
    etc etc etc... but because it isn't in their *exact* distribution format, they
    just don't care!!! So go ahead and use the data with a clear conscience! (If
    you feel bad about it, take a smaller deduction for something on your taxes
    next week...)

    The Hershey Fonts:
            - are a set of more than 2000 glyph (symbol) descriptions in vector
                    ( <x,y> point-to-point ) format
            - can be grouped as almost 20 'occidental' (english, greek,
                    cyrillic) fonts, 3 or more 'oriental' (Kanji, Hiragana,
                    and Katakana) fonts, and a few hundred miscellaneous
                    symbols (mathematical, musical, cartographic, etc etc)
            - are suitable for typographic quality output on a vector device
                    (such as a plotter) when used at an appropriate scale.
            - were digitized by Dr. A. V. Hershey while working for the U.S.
                    Government National Bureau of Standards (NBS).
            - are in the public domain, with a few caveats:
                    - They are available from NTIS (National Technical Info.
                            Service) in a computer-readable from which is *not*
                            in the public domain. This format is described in
                            a hardcopy publication "Tables of Coordinates for
                            Hershey's Repertory of Occidental Type Fonts and
                            Graphic Symbols" available from NTIS for less than
                            $20 US (phone number +1 703 487 4763).
                    - NTIS does not care about and doesn't want to know about
                            what happens to Hershey Font data that is not
                            distributed in their exact format.
                    - This distribution is not in the NTIS format, and thus is
                            only subject to the simple restriction described
                            at the top of this file.

    Hard Copy samples of the Hershey Fonts are best obtained by purchasing the
    book described above from NTIS. It contains a sample of all of the Occidental
    symbols (but none of the Oriental symbols).

    This distribution:
            - contains
                    * a complete copy of the Font data using the original
                            glyph-numbering sequence
                    * a set of translation tables that could be used to generate
                            ASCII-sequence fonts in various typestyles
                    * a couple of sample programs in C and Fortran that are
                            capable of parsing the font data and displaying it
                            on a graphic device (we recommend that if you
                            wish to write programs using the fonts, you should
                            hack up one of these until it works on your system)

            - consists of the following files...
                    hershey.doc - details of the font data format, typestyles and
                                    symbols included, etc.
                    hersh.oc[1-4] - The Occidental font data (these files can
                                            be catenated into one large database)
                    hersh.or[1-4] - The Oriental font data (likewise here)
                    *.hmp - Occidental font map files. Each file is a translation
                                    table from Hershey glyph numbers to ASCII
                                    sequence for a particular typestyle.
                    hershey.f77 - A fortran program that reads and displays all
                                    of the glyphs in a Hershey font file.
                    hershey.c   - The same, in C, using GKS, for MS-DOS and the
                                    PC-Color Graphics Adaptor.

    Additional Work To Be Done (volunteers welcome!):

            - Integrate this complete set of data with the hershey font typesetting
                    program recently distributed to mod.sources
            - Come up with an integrated data structure and supporting routines
                    that make use of the ASCII translation tables
            - Digitize additional characters for the few places where non-ideal
                    symbol substitutions were made in the ASCII translation tables.
            - Make a version of the demo program (hershey.c or hershey.f77) that
                    uses the standard Un*x plot routines.
            - Write a banner-style program using Hershey Fonts for input and
                    non-graphic terminals or printers for output.
            - Anything else you'd like!

    This file provides a brief description of the contents of the Occidental
    Hershey Font Files. For a complete listing of the fonts in hard copy, order
    NBS Special Publication 424, "A contribution to computer typesetting
    techniques: Tables of Coordinates for Hershey's Repertory of Occidental
    Type Fonts and Graphic Symbols". You can get it from NTIS (phone number is
    +1 703 487 4763) for less than twenty dollars US.

    Basic Glyph (symbol) data:

            hersh.oc1       - numbers 1 to 1199
            hersh.oc2       - numbers 1200 to 2499
            hersh.oc3       - numbers 2500 to 3199
            hersh.oc4       - numbers 3200 to 3999

            These four files contain approximately 19 different fonts in
    the A-Z alphabet plus greek and cyrillic, along with hundreds of special
    symbols, described generically below.

            There are also four files of Oriental fonts (hersh.or[1-4]). These
    files contain symbols from three Japanese alphabets (Kanji, Hiragana, and
    Katakana). It is unknown what other symbols may be contained therein, nor
    is it known what order the symbols are in (I don't know Japanese!).

            Back to the Occidental files:

    Fonts:
            Roman: Plain, Simplex, Duplex, Complex Small, Complex, Triplex
            Italic: Complex Small, Complex, Triplex
            Script: Simplex, Complex
            Gothic: German, English, Italian
            Greek: Plain, Simplex, Complex Small, Complex
            Cyrillic: Complex

    Symbols:
            Mathematical (227-229,232,727-779,732,737-740,1227-1270,2227-2270,
                            1294-1412,2294-2295,2401-2412)
            Daggers (for footnotes, etc) (1276-1279, 2276-2279)
            Astronomical (1281-1293,2281-2293)
            Astrological (2301-2312)
            Musical (2317-2382)
            Typesetting (ffl,fl,fi sorts of things) (miscellaneous places)
            Miscellaneous (mostly in 741-909, but also elsewhere):
                    - Playing card suits
                    - Meteorology
                    - Graphics (lines, curves)
                    - Electrical
                    - Geometric (shapes)
                    - Cartographic
                    - Naval
                    - Agricultural
                    - Highways
                    - Etc...

    ASCII sequence translation files:

            The Hershey glyphs, while in a particular order, are not in an
            ASCII sequence. I have provided translation files that give the
            sequence of glyph numbers that will most closely approximate the
            ASCII printing sequence (from space through ~, with the degree
            circle tacked on at the end) for each of the above fonts:

            File names are made up of fffffftt.hmp,

                    where ffffff is the font style, one of:
                            roman   Roman
                            greek   Greek
                            italic  Italic
                            script  Script
                            cyril   Cyrillic (some characters not placed in
                                               the ASCII sequence)
                            gothgr  Gothic German
                            gothgb  Gothic English
                            gothit  Gothic Italian

                    and tt is the font type, one of:
                        p       Plain (very small, no lower case)
                        s       Simplex (plain, normal size, no serifs)
                        d       Duplex (normal size, no serifs, doubled lines)
                        c       Complex (normal size, serifs, doubled lines)
                        t       Triplex (normal size, serifs, tripled lines)
                        cs      Complex Small (Complex, smaller than normal size)

    The three sizes are coded with particular base line (bottom of a capital
            letter) and cap line (top of a capital letter) values for 'y':

            Size            Base Line       Cap Line

            Very Small         -5              +4
            Small              -6              +7
            Normal             -9              +12

            (Note: some glyphs in the 'Very Small' fonts are actually 'Small')

    The top line and bottom line, which are normally used to define vertical
            spacing, are not given. Maybe somebody can determine appropriate
            values for these!

    The left line and right line, which are used to define horizontal spacing,
            are provided with each character in the database.

    Format of Hershey glyphs:

    5 bytes - glyphnumber
    3 bytes - length of data  length in 16-bit words including left&right numbers
    1 byte  - x value of left margin
    1 byte  - x value of right margin
    (length*2)-2 bytes      - stroke data

    left&right margins and stroke data are biased by the value of the letter 'R'
    Subtract the letter 'R' to get the data.

    e.g. if the data byte is 'R', the data is 0
         if the data byte is 'T', the data is +2
         if the data byte is 'J', the data is -8

    and so on...

    The coordinate system is x-y, with the origin (0,0) in the center of the
    glyph.  X increases to the right and y increases *down*.

    The stroke data is pairs of bytes, one byte for x followed by one byte for y.

    An 'R' in the stroke data indicates a 'lift pen and move' instruction.

Public Domain. Distributed with Ghostscript 6.50, November 2000